![]() ![]() Este artigo propõe uma Rede Neural Artificial (RNA) implementando o método Backpropagation de Levenberg-Marquardt para estimar o diâmetro a partir da função de transferência log-sigmoidal, isto sob condições de fluxo permanente. Este problema é resolvido implementando um loop aninhado para o coeficiente de atrito e o diâmetro. Aplicando a equação de energia para um sistema hidráulico composto por dois tanques conectados por uma tubulação de diâmetro constante e aceitando a equação de Colebrook-White e a equação de Darcy-Weisbach, obtém-se uma expressão subdeterminada, pois se estabelecem mais incógnitas do que equações. Como variáveis de entrada temos: Q: vazão (m3/s), H: perda de carga (m) L: comprimento do tubo (m) ε: rugosidade (m), ϑ: viscosidade cinemática (m2/s) e Ʃk: soma dos coeficientes de perdas menores (adimensional). O diâmetro em sistemas de água potável pressurizada pode ser determinado por meio de uma equação polinomial de quinto grau. Palabras clave: Colebrook-White, Darcy-Weisbach, hidráulica de tuberías, Levenberg-Marquardt, red neuronal artificial. La red neuronal propuesta calcula el diámetro con un error relativo igual a 0.01% con respecto a los valores obtenidos a partir de ®Epanet, evidenciando la capacidad de generalización del sistema optimizado. La validación cruzada del esquema neuronal se realizó a partir de 1,000 señales de entrada independientes del conjunto de entrenamiento obteniendo MSE igual 6.91E-6. La arquitectura que demostró un mejor redimento correspondió a una capa oculta con 25 neuronas (6-25-1) presentando un MSE igual a 5.41E-6 y 9.98E+00 para el Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson. Los estadísticos utilizados para la evaluación de la red corresponden al error medio cuadrático, el análisis de regresión y la función de entropía cruzada. El conjunto de las señales de entrenamiento está conformado por 5,000 datos aleatorios que siguen una distribución normal, calculados en Visual Basic (®Excel). Este artículo propone una Red Neuronal Artificial (RNA) implementando el método de Retropropagación Levenberg-Marquardt para estimar el diámetro a partir de la función de transferencia log-sigmoidal, esto bajo condiciones estacionarias de flujo. Este problema se soluciona implementando un bucle anidado para el coeficiente de fricción y el diámetro. Aplicado la ecuación de la energía para un sistema hidráulico compuesto por dos tanques conectados con una tubería de diámetro constante y aceptando la ecuación de Colebrook-White y la ecuación de Darcy-Weisbach se obtiene una expresión subdeterminada debido a que se establecen más incógnitas que ecuaciones. Como variables de entrada se tiene: Q: caudal (m 3/s), H: pérdida de carga (m) L: longitud de la tubería (m) ε: rugosidad (m), □: viscosidad cinemática (m 2/s) y Ʃk: sumatoria de coeficientes de pérdidas menores (adimensional). Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, Colebrook-White, Darcy-Weisbach, Levenberg-Marquardt, pipeline hydraulics.Įl diámetro en sistemas a presión de agua potable es posible determinarlo mediante una ecuación polinómica de quinto grado. The proposed neural network calculates the diameter with a relative error equal to 0.01% concerning the values obtained with ®Epanet, evidencing the generalizability of the optimized system. The cross-validation of the neural scheme was carried out from 1,000 independent input signals from the training set, obtaining an MSE equal to 6.91E-6. The architecture with the best performance had a hidden layer with 25 neurons (6-25-1) presenting an MSE equal to 5.41E-6 and 9.98E+00 for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The statistics used for the network evaluation correspond to the mean square error, the regression analysis, and the cross-entropy function. ![]() ![]() The training signals set consists of 5,000 random data that follow a normal distribution, calculated in Visual Basic (®Excel). This article proposes an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) implementing the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation method to estimate the diameter from the log-sigmoidal transfer function under stationary flow conditions. This problem is solved by implementing a nested loop for the coefficient of friction and the diameter. After applying the energy equation for a hydraulic system composed of two tanks connected to a pipe of constant diameter and accepting the Colebrook-White and the Darcy-Weisbach equations, an undetermined expression is obtained since more unknowns than equations are established. The input variables are Q: flow (m 3/s), H: pressure drop (m) L: pipe length (m) ε: roughness (m), ϑ: kinematic viscosity (m 2/s), and Ʃk: sum of minor loss coefficients (dimensionless). The fifth-degree polynomial equation determines the diameter in pressurized drinking water systems. ![]()
0 Comments
![]() ![]() You Have Bed Bugs! Now What?Īchieving complete control can take weeks to months, depending on the nature and extent of the infestation, and everyone will need to cooperate and do their part. The discarded shells look like clear, empty exoskeletons and can be found in box springs, wood framing, inside books, telephones, radios, and carpet. Throughout their life cycle, bed bugs will shed their skin – or molt – five times before becoming an adult. Bed bug bites can occur anywhere on the body, including the face. Bites create small red welts that become itchy and eventually blister. One sign, however, is that bites sometimes appear in a line of three, known as “breakfast, lunch, and dinner” by disease experts. Often, it is difficult to distinguish bed bug bites from other insect bites, like those from mosquitoes. ![]() Line Bites - Breakfast, Lunch and Dinnerīites are not initially felt because of a natural anesthetic in the saliva of bed bugs. Look for them along mattress seams, box spring edges and corners, and baseboards. They are fantastic hitchhikers and can end up anywhere, including phones, purses, backpacks, clothing, etc. As they multiply, bed bugs tend to hang out together until overcrowding forces them into other areas. Nocturnal in nature, they feed and move quickly. Bed Bug Clustersīed bugs are small, oval parasitic insects that are light brown or reddish-brown in color but are hard to spot. Evidence of fecal spotting is usually visible in their typical hideouts, like along mattress seams, box spring edges, and corners. The spots will smear if wiped with a wet rag. The stains are from partially digesting blood and clustered in groups in areas that bed bugs inhabit. Unlike blood stains, fecal spotting tends to be black or dark in color. In addition to bedding, stains can be visible on furniture, clothes, and even walls. But these signs of an infestation won’t always be found on bedding, because bed bugs are highly mobile and move fast. The stains are typically dark or rusty spots of excrement. Unexplained Blood Stains on Beddingīlood stains resulting from a bed bug bite are often visible on lighter-colored sheets and pillow cases. These are perfect places for the tiny creatures to colonize and multiply.Īn article by John Robinson in Property Management Insider gives 5 ways to tell if you have bed bugs. ![]() They are most at home in cozy, warmer climates like heating ducts, electrical outlets, bedding and warm electronics. Tenants and Landlords Must Work Together to Eradicate Bed Bugsīed bugs have been an aggravating pest for rental properties recently. As temperatures drop in the winter and the heat gets turned up, the time is right for bed bugs to become a problem. BED BUG RESOURCES FOR LANDLORDS AND PROPERTY MANAGERSīrought to you by Propertyware - Cloud-based software for property management. ![]() ![]() The latest version released by its developer is 2.8.7. The company that develops Hearts - Offline Card Games is SNG Games. Hearts - Offline Card Games is a free app for Android published in the Card Games list of apps, part of Games & Entertainment. Practice or success at our game does not imply future success at "real money gambling". Hearts Offline is intended for adult audiences and does not offer "real money gambling" or an opportunity to win real money or prizes. If you like Hearts offline free card game, you may try our other card games and offline games. Hearts card game may known as Black Queen or Queen of Spades in different regions. Use Power mode for Best Battery or Best Performance□ Level system with different profile pics Learn the game rules, train yourself and become a master player□ Unlock different Cards themes and frames Spin the wheels every 6 hours and get bonus coins Select amongst the 3 difficulty levels for the computer opponent. Play against High level artificial intelligence (machine learning and neural networks) □ Experience our new Levels & Missions Mode Train yourself with our AI and master at Hearts card game. If you want to learn how to play Hearts, Hearts card games is free and suitable for you. You can play Hearts offline free card games without wifi or the internet connection. Hearts is one of the completely free offline card games on Google Play and Hearts offline uses classic Hearts game rules. See minimum system requirements for the pack.Enjoy Hearts offline card game by SNG for free. ![]() The Sims 4 Castle Estate and Goth Galore Kits require The Sims 4 base game, available free to download with all game updates. The Sims 4 Castle Estate and Goth Galore Kits will be available on Januon PC via EA app™, Mac® via Origin, Epic Games Store and Steam®, PlayStation®5, PlayStation®4, Xbox Series X|S and Xbox One systems. ![]() ![]() Say hello to contemporary goth fashions inspired by mesh, leather and that signature moody makeup.Įlevate everyday goth outfits with platform shoes, and sleek silhouettes embellished with belts, buckles and straps, perfect for the gloomiest of days and any occasion where your Sim wants to stand out.Ĭollection of items included in The Sims 4 Goth Galore Kit Variety isn’t always exclusive to color, and this is expressed in this iconic fashion style. Oh my goth! Your Sims are in for a real grim treat as they embody the darkness of goth fashions through a closet full of stark black clothing full of textures and embellishments. Relax in your lavish fortress surrounded by parapet fences, colorful stained glass, slim arrow slits and even llama gargoyles. ![]() Your manor is also sure to be the most magnificent with gorgeous stonework and large portcullis gates that encompass the property. Gothic arches, portcullis, grand entry doors, stackable ornate windows and grand staircases allow your Sim to descend into the past and embrace the medieval architecture of centuries ago.Ĭollection of items included in The Sims 4 Castle Estate Kit With The Sims 4 Castle Estate, your Sim can create the most majestic of castles. Hear ye, hear ye! It’s time to capture the eyes of the neighborhood with your grand, authentic castle outfitted with iconic staples of the past. You voted for the themes for the upcoming Kits in The Sims 4, and we’re thrilled to share that the time has come for your Sims to embrace the past and capture their inner grim with The Sims 4 Castle Estate and Goth Galore Kits!įrom the classic architecture that encapsulates the grandeur of a medieval mansion to moody styles that show the aura of your edgiest Sims, the Castle Estate and Goth Galore Kits will bring all the dramatics to your next story in The Sims 4 and we can't wait to see all the sensational stories you'll create! ![]() ![]() Table: Comparison of TIFF File Openers ApplicationĬhoosing the right application to open TIFF files in Windows 10 depends on personal preference and the specific requirements of the user. Windows Photo Viewer provides a familiar interface and a range of viewing options for TIFF files. If you prefer the classic Windows Photo Viewer, you can access it by right-clicking on the TIFF file and selecting “Open With.” From the options, choose Windows Photo Viewer to open the file. Paint is a simple and lightweight application that enables users to make quick edits to their TIFF files. By typing “paint” in the search bar and selecting the app, you can click on “File” and then “Open” to open the TIFF file. ![]() This app provides a user-friendly interface and allows for basic editing options.Īnother option is to use the Paint app. Click on the “+” icon, then choose the desired TIFF file from your computer to open it. To open a TIFF file using the Photos app, simply type “photos” in the search bar and select the app. Each method offers its own set of features and functionalities, allowing users to choose the best option based on their preferences and requirements. The Photos app, Paint app, and Windows Photo Viewer are all capable of handling TIFF files. Opening TIFF files in Windows 10 can be done using different applications.
![]() ![]() Clenching my teeth in pain, I try to focus on the task at hand. If I’m having a bad day, as the mounted camera reaches a tree hollow for a coveted view of the nest inside, hostile green ants might crawl up my legs from the ground and begin to inject copious amounts of formic acid into my sweaty skin. Between morning and afternoon sessions spent watching the behaviour of birds, my volunteers and I spend the hottest part of the day doing numerous tree-hollow inspections. Staring into the glaring sun, my tiring arms struggle to keep a 10m-long extendible pole vertical against the gusting wind. Indeed, it may be this that has allowed me to record rare drumming behaviour on a remarkable 38 occasions over the past two years. I’ve been spending up to six months in the field, returning to the same study sites for seven years now, and it’s quite possible that the birds recognise me personally and understand that I present no threat to them. Other species – pigeons, crows and North America’s northern mockingbird, for example – have been shown to discriminate reliably between familiar and unfamiliar humans based on facial features, sometimes up to years after just a single encounter. I believe they are almost certainly capable of recognising different human faces. They are a highly intelligent species with large forebrains, and probably excellent memories ![]() I’d like to think that it’s down to ninja-style stealth, but the answer is more likely to do with the birds themselves. I am often asked how I manage to get so close to palmies without spooking them. Many birders have to come back to the region around the Iron Range National Park several times before finally getting a decent view and photo of a palmy.įor the past seven years, however, I have been very fortunate to encounter them at close quarters on many occasions – sometimes even having three birds fly into a tree directly above my head. ![]() Most people are lucky to get a fleeting glimpse of this unique and majestic creature flying overhead. Palmies are infamous for being skittish and elusive. Video: Elusive palm cockatoos caught on film.Between us, PhD student Miles Keighley and I currently work over more than 10 Cape York sites, recording vocal and display behaviours in an effort to better understand this bird, and determine the extent to which its populations are genetically related. Thanks to a grant from the Hermon Slade Foundation, Rob was able to employ me to do the groundwork and find the answers. These questions and more have been a source of fascination for Professor Robert Heinsohn of the Australian National University in Canberra. Since the discovery of the behaviour in 1984, drumming by palmies has been a mystery to scientists who’ve puzzled over what the behaviour entails and in what context it occurs. This is clearly an example of sticks being used as tools, but unlike Jane Goodall’s famous chimpanzees, which use tools to forage, palm cockatoos don’t obtain treats in return for drumming. Like no other creature in the world, palmies fashion thick sticks from branches, grip them with their feet and bang them on trunks and tree hollows. If that’s not intriguing enough, perhaps more curious is their drumming behaviour. ![]() On occasion, when their mood is right, their bald red cheeks can flush with blood, turning from pale red to deep scarlet. Cockatoos are found in New Guinea, Indonesia, the Philippines, the Solomon Islands and Australia – and of the 21 known species, the palmy is the heaviest and one of the largest. It’s no wonder, because it is a spectacular species. Despite the fact that the nearest city, Cairns, is 700km away, birders flock here from around the world and brave dirt roads and river crossings to see the iconic palm cockatoo in the wild. We’re near the Lockhart River in a remote part of the Cape York Peninsula, far north Queensland. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Differences between LVL and Plywood: Unveiling the Distinctions The end result is an incredibly strong and versatile wood product that defies the limits of conventional lumber. The stack of veneers is pressed and heated, forming a solid, durable panel of LVL. After that, these veneers are layered together, with every single layer is positioned at 90 degrees to the previous layer. These veneers are then dried and coated with adhesive. The process begins with carefully selecting and peeling thin wood veneers from logs. ![]() It’s a marvel created through a meticulous production process that harnesses the power of wood veneers. Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) is no ordinary timber. Buckle up and prepare to be amazed! Production Procedure: Crafting LVL Magic In this unique article, we embark on a fascinating journey through the world of LVL, exploring its production procedure, distinguishing features compared to plywood, beam sizes and support, helpful calculators, and even its practicality and cost.
![]() ![]() Minecraft is lots of fun to play with friends, especially if everyone is experiencing the game for the first time. However, there's nothing wrong with creating a little garden in front of the entrance of the big window to add a bit of flair without affecting the vibe of the mountain retreat. Keeping most of the surrounding area about the massive window wall rugged and organic will allow the juxtaposition between the refined interior and natural mountainside to be both more noticeable and complimentary. Not only does this look nice on the outside, but it means that players no longer have to rely solely on artificial lighting for the inside-everything can have a nice sunny feel. This design extends the room's overall feel out onto the side of the mountain and made the whole thing open with a window. However, the exterior can be so much more than a door on a mountainside. Hollowing out a few rooms in a mountain is a fairly easy task, and the interior can be designed pretty much any way the player likes. This will create a water elevator as well as a more aquatic aesthetic for one's riverside abode.įor the players who didn't build a wooden box on their first night, it's likely because they dug into the side of a mountain instead. To avoid making a mess, simply dig a one-by-one hole where the water lands to contain it. Simply choose an area on the roof of the desired floor and place a block of water to create a small waterfall. Including water features in a house by the river can be a nice touch that can impress friends online as well as give players quicker access to the upper floors. ![]() If more space is needed, it would be effortless to build another layer underground or make the existing layers bigger and go further upwards. The open feel this design gives the interior is perfect for people who like everything they need in one centralized location. This building has a smaller circle on top of a bigger one to add some layers and variation to the interior design. ![]() RELATED: Minecraft: Things To Do If You're Bored Thankfully, there are plenty of tools online that can give players blueprints to work from. What's the easiest way to ensure players avoid the box design? Build a circle! As expected in a game all about cubes, building circular structures takes a bit of finesse. The possibilities are numerous when it comes to choosing a building material, so, for a unique house design, be sure to think outside the box! Any log cabin or dank dungeon can be transformed with the right building block choice. There are tons of different kinds of wood to use as well as many variations of stone and a lot more. Updated on October 30, 2021, by Reyadh Rahaman: The aesthetics of a house are not solely dependant on the shape and size, as, with many types of blocks in the game, Minecraft players can make unique color and texture choices as well-even without needing to use mods. These players need a middle-ground, a set of smaller and easier house designs that have their own little techniques and intricacies to teach them how to build the massive stuff and come up with cool ideas. There are plenty of beautiful designs out there, but many are extremely complex and would be difficult for beginners to get to grips with, even with a tutorial. RELATED: Minecraft: Removed Features That Need To Return ![]() ![]() ![]() Want to keep it simple? No problem – we have deals on models that deliver value without sacrificing on performance. Pen support for artists and designers and a Halo Keyboard that’s seriously like nothing you’ve ever seen before? It’s all yours to explore. Tablets that work as movie or presentation projectors. ![]() Vibrant displays and immersive audio? Check. Ready for something different? Our groundbreaking Yoga laptops, tablets and 2-in-1s will definitely turn heads – and you’ll find new ways to do what you love. But whatever laptop you choose will let you lose yourself in immersive audio and vivid displays. We’ve also got budget options for casual gamers. Are you hardcore? We’ve got you covered with laptops that boast powerful discrete graphics and overclockable CPUs. Legion by Lenovo lets you dominate your competitors wherever you are. Gamers don’t have to feel bound to their desktops anymore. Windows 11 is not finished yet and Microsoft said that the full release will soon come later this year and many devices can receive the update at the beginning of 2022, but members of the Windows Insider Program can get the Windows 11 preview at the moment. ![]() And it gives you the tools you need – from high-end processing and graphics to cutting-edge touchscreen technology, from pen support to epic battery life, ThinkPad keeps you productive and engaged wherever you are. How to Automatically Upgrade Windows 10 to Windows 11 for Free. Windows 11 will be free for Windows 10 users and feature a new Start menu, updated store, and much more. Tough as nails and reliable, these laptops and 2-in-1s keep you productive in any environment. Microsoft is making its next version of Windows available as a free upgrade. Our ThinkPad laptops set the standard for business computing. Innovative 2-in-1s – part laptop, part tablet, part nothing you’ve seen before – for those who want to tap the untested power of the new. Ultraportable laptops for folks who are always on the go.īudget laptops that give you value and performance in a single package. And we all have different priorities: Performance laptops for creators, professionals, or gamers – we’ve got powerhouses that rival what desktops deliver. Your laptop is your biggest gateway to the online world and beyond (except for your smartphone, of course). ![]() ![]() Step 1: Download and Install MemuPlay on your PC.Now we will see how to Download Toca Blocks for PC Windows 10 or 8 or 7 laptop using MemuPlay. ![]() It is super flexible, fast and exclusively designed for gaming purposes. Yet another popular Android emulator which is gaining a lot of attention in recent times is MEmu play. Toca Blocks Download for PC Windows 10/8/7 – Method 2: Otherwise, you may face loading issues while playing high-end games like PUBG You need to have a minimum configuration PC to use Bluestacks. So using Bluestacks is the recommended way to install Toca Blocks on PC. Bluestacks4 is literally 6X faster than the Samsung Galaxy J7 smartphone. However, using the standard method to Install any android applications is recommended.The latest version of Bluestacks comes with a lot of stunning features. You don’t need to go to Google Playstore and install the game. If you have an APK file, then there is an option in Bluestacks to Import APK file. ![]() You can use the Game the same way you use it on your Android or iOS smartphones. Now you can just double click on the Game icon in bluestacks and start using Toca Blocks Game on your laptop. You can find the Game under list of installed apps in Bluestacks.
![]() ![]() – *Please Note: PennDOT has very strict rules and regulations regarding PA Commercial Driver’s License holders and now requires all applications to be submitted directly from Driver’s License Centers for processing. Until further notice, you will have to go to a PennDOT Driver’s License Center. – Due to the Real ID Act, we are unable to process Change of Names on your Driver’s License at this time. We will process your change of address on-line and print out your amendment card right here in our office!Ĭhange of Address Update Card: $12.00 Service Charge The person who has moved and is changing their address should bring their current Driver’s License or Photo ID into our office. We make changing your address on your Driver’s License or Photo ID easy. – There are so many things to remember when you’re moving. – *Please note: In most cases duplicate driver’s licenses can be processed online and an interim license, that’s good to drive with, can be printed out right here your actual duplicate will come to you in the mail in about 3 to 10 business days! Released Prisoner or Inmate Driver’s License and Identification Card Information (DMV 013) for information on original licenses and renewals.The person applying for the duplicate should bring an acceptable form of ID into our office.ĭuplicate PA Camera Card: $5.00 + Service Chargeĭuplicate PA Camera Card w/Motorcycle Endorsement: $11.00 + Service Chargeĭuplicate PA Non-Commercial Driver’s License: $40.50 + Service Chargeĭuplicate PA Non-Commercial Driver’s License w/Motorcycle: $46.50 + Service Charge Any fees or requirements associated with a license suspension or revocation.New residents obtaining a Nevada license or ID for the first time.You may be required to reimburse the $3.25 photo fee to the Department at the time of your next regular renewal if you are employed at the time of the renewal. Request for Waiver of Duplicate Fees - Released Prisoners (DP 190).You must apply for this in-person at a DMV office, complete the request form and provide documentation of your release date. This is a one-time exemption for duplicates only. You should bring official documentation of your release date from the Nevada Department of Corrections, its counterpart in another state, or a local jail. The Department is authorized to waive the $18.25 duplicate fee for persons who have been released from prison or jail within the past 90 days. See Real ID below if you have not already upgraded.Īpplication for Driving Privileges or ID Card (DMV 002): You can print out the application beforehand and bring the completed form to your appointment. Make an appointment if you're visiting one of our larger DMV offices. If you are temporarily outside of Nevada, please contact us. If you order a duplicate in person, you may wish to upgrade to a Real ID if you have not already done so. Please review the Real ID information below.Commercial license duplicates must be ordered in-person at a CDL Office.You can't have changed your address since your license was last issued.Your driver license, instruction permit or DAC must not be suspended or revoked.Your card can't expire within the next 60 days. ![]() MyDMV - Online Duplicate License, ID Card or Driver Authorization Card You may order a duplicate license or ID online with a MyDMV account. Check (and update) your address online through MyDMV! Online Mail forwarding through the postal service does not affect this. NOTE: All license replacements are sent through the mail to the mailing address the DMV has on file. ![]() |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |